Collections made by Sandra Burrows

Slender climber.

Small deciduous tree to 4 m tall, bark rough, grey; in mixed miombo (Julbernardia globiflora/Brachystegia utilis) woodland. Occasional.

Small tree to 5 m tall, bark smooth yellowish; on woodland/forest ecotone on sandy-loam soils.

Soft shrub to 2 m tall, forming small colonies; in understorey of seasonally dry mixed semi-deciduous forest, the canopy dominated by Terminalia sambesiaca, Bivinia jalberti, Pteleopsis myrtifolia, Dialium holtzii and Milicia excelsa; on sandy soils

Soft understorey shrub to 2 m tall in high altitude forest. Flowers white.

1.2 m tall evergreen shrub, in mixed coastal woodland on sandy clays. Fruit pink above. Occasional., Occurrence: occasional

Evergreen scrambler to 2.5 m with long trailing stems; fls yellow; in riparian thicket on outer edge of alluvial floodplain of the Rovuma River.

Tufted fern growing around base of granite rocks in miombo woodland.

Robust liane in miombo woodland.

Climber to 3 m tall; in secondary scrub in cleared woodland on reddish clay-sands, north aspect of low escarpment.

Climber to 6 m in termitaria forest near stream, in area of miombo woodland.

Climber to 2 m, scrambling over bushes in ecotone between miombo woodland and riverine forest, on sandy soils.

Climber to 3 m high, stem almost white; on rocky conglomerate sandstone ridge in mixed Brachystegia torrei/Androstachys woodland.

Climbing in riverine forest to ñ 4 m high. Huge fruit. Miombo woodland on escarpment., Occurrence: scarce

Tree (?deciduous) to 5 m high, growing amongst gneiss rocks in seasonally-dry mixed deciduous woodland., Occurrence: scarce

Woody shrub to 2 m tall; occasional in sandy soils in light shade of closed-canopy Brachystegia torrei woodland., Occurrence: scarce

In thick deciduous bush/thicket on sandy soils.

Small tree to 3 m tall in miombo woodland.

Shrub or treelet to 2.5 m. In mixed deciduous coastal woodland on sandy soils. Dominant woody species: Strychnos madagascariensis, Phellocalyx vollesenii, Olax dissitiflora, Pteleopsis myrtifolia, Xylotheca tettensis, Micklethwaitia carvalhoi, Diospy

Small tree to 7 m tall, in tall mixed Brachystegia woodland on coastal sands; occasional.

Sapling tree to 4 m tall (no adults seen); scarce in gallery forest to 30 m tall, along edge of river on island. Dominant species: Newtonia buchananii, Pandanus livingstonianus, Filicium decipiens, Maranthes goetzeniana, Syzygium cordatum, Erythrophl

Spreading low tree to 7 m tall on granite outcrop in miombo woodland.

Small tree (regenerated) to 6 m tall, in coastal dune thicket near lakes. Fls dusky pink to greenish. Occasional

Wide-spreading tree to 10 m tall, bark pale grey, flaking in irregular plates; in coastal woodland on sandy soils; occasional.

Tree to 6m tall, in evergreen lowland forest. Branches more or less drooping.

Tree to 15 m tall (fallen) in high-altitude forest.

Evergreen small tree to 6 m tall, locally frequent in lowland evergreen to semi-deciduous forest in rolling hills, much degraded by logging and cultivation. Fls white., Occurrence: locally frequent

A spreading tree along river margins, component of riverine forest on coastal plain. Scattered

Tree to 5 m tall in severely degraded woodland on sands near coast. Fls pale pink with red staminal tube.

Tree to 6 m tall in open deciduous coastal woodland on clay-sands. Fruit immature, pinkish. Occasional

Shrub or small tree to 4 m tall, common constituent of forest understorey. In dry forest on sand.

Soft shrub to 1.5 m tall; locally common in degraded coastal forest/woodland mosaic on sandy soils, in secondary scrub.

Large tree to 18 m tall with spreading crown; bark grey, rough; flowers pale yellow. Occasional, in open woodland/thicket mosaic on sandy soils.

Robust climber, growing over thatched roof of a dwelling. Fruit; glossy blackish, fleshy-x000D- Species name variation on plant label - A. africana (Lour.) Merr.

In thicket on sands. Flowers, sweetly-scented.-x000D- -x000D- Sheet 1 of 2.

Scrambler in scrub adjacent to Avicennia mangroves. Flowers, pure-white.-x000D- -x000D- Corolla tube: c.10mm long, sparsely hairy or hairy-swollen near base.-x000D- Corolla lobes: 20-25mm long, 4-6mm wide. Glaborous, margins uliate.-x000D- Calyx lobes: +/- 2mm long

Scrambling shrub in coastal thicket/grassland mosaic in bush clumps, on old dunes. Flowers, very sweetly-scented.-x000D- -x000D- Corolla tube: 10-12mm long, +/- glaborous.-x000D- Corolla lobes: 20-27mm long, 8-12mm wide. Glaborous, but ciliate fringes. (Corolla lobes

Robust climber in small patch of evergreen forest on coastal sands. Fruit: 85mm diameter, flesh sweet, very palatable.-x000D- -x000D- Photo. attached to specimen.

Climber in coastal bush.-x000D- Leaf margins, wavy.-x000D- -x000D- Corolla tube: +/- 6mm long. +/- glaborous outside, swollen in the middle.-x000D- Corolla lobes: 12-15mm long. Ciliate margins.-x000D- Calyx lobes: +/- 1mm long.

Climber with milky latex, to 2 m high in remanant bushclump in riverine woodland. Collected p.m. when flowers are over for the day (morning-flowering). Fls. white., Occurrence: occasional

Scrambling/climbing shrub to 2 m high, with milky latex; in woodland-forest mosaic on sandy soils, occasional; fls white, fragrant., Occurrence: occasional

Climber in secondary scrub on sandy soils ca. 5 km from the coast. Flowers white. Locally common.

Locally common climber to 2 m or more in degraded coastal forest/woodland mosaic on sandy soils, in secondary scrub.

Evergreen scrambler or climber to 4 m tall; in occasional in scrub/thicket in woodland; flowers white, fragrant.

Scrambling evergreen shrub to 4 m tall, sterile; scarce in thicket patch on edge of escarpment, N-aspect.

Straggly herb on road margins in clearings in sand forest. Flowers yellow.

Evergreen tree 8-9 m tall, 4 adults and saplings, on hillside, amongst boulders in mixed miombo / Uapaca woodland.-x000D- -x000D- First record of this species for Mozambique., Occurrence: occasional

Much-branched, multi-stemmed shrub to 1.2 m high; forming colonies, on arid alluvial flats in degraded mixed deciduous thicket-woodland mosaic. Flowers pink.

Herbaceous shrub c. 1m tall, in forest clearings. Flowers red / pink. In tall semi-deciduous sand forest.

Shrubby small tree, understorey in riparian forest on river bank. Fls cream, in pendulous spikes. Growing with Canarium madagascariense and Synsepalum brevipes.

Shrubby small tree to 6 m tall, forming colonies along drainage line in Berlinia orientalis woodland on low escarpment.

Shrub to 4 m tall on high altitude forest margins.

In forest clump in high rainfall woodland. Shrub to 3 m tall.-x000D- EJD Schmidt writes: 'best guess without flowers or fruit'.

Shrub to 2.5 m tall in mid-altitude forest.

Erect shrub to 1 m tall in degraded deciduous mixed woodland on sandy soils, in full sun, roots terete, lacking tubers, , Occurrence: occasional

Climber to 2.5 m tall, in degraded grassy woodland.

As Asparagus cooperi in BNRH. Shrub in wooded grassland on sands. No tubers.-x000D- Spirit material. , Occurrence: locally frequent

As Asparagus cooperi in BNRH. Shrub, needing support, in open Hyphaene-Strychnos-Terminalia coastal veld, soils very sandy. Locally frequent. Flowers with scent of vanilla, anthers yellow.-x000D- DNA material given to Maria Norup, Copenhagen University, October 2006.-x000D- Spirit material:

As Asparagus cooperi in BNRH. Scrambler to 5 m high, on small termite hill in open mixed mopane woodland on blackish soils., Occurrence: scarce

As Asparagus cooperi in BNRH. Robust multi-stemmed climber to ca. 6 m high, in Acacia/Combretum woodland.-x000D- DNA material sent to Maria Norup, Copenhagen University, 2007.-x000D- Spirit material: flw.

As Asparagus cooperi in BNRH. Straggly shrub to 1.5 m high in degraded/logged forest-woodland mosaic.-x000D- Spirit material: fr. , Occurrence: rare

As Asparagus cooperi in BNRH. Straggly shrub to 1m tall, in mixed short thicket on sands.

As Asparagus cooperi in BNRH. In short mixed thicket on deep sands.-x000D- Spirit material: flw.

As Asparagus cooperi in BNRH. Straggly shrub to 1m in degraded woodland / thicket on sands.-x000D- Spirit material: flw and fr.

As Asparagus cooperi in BNRH. Erect shrub to 1.5 m high, new growth, growing in full sun in occasionally-cut grassy 'square' in Mueda town.

As Asparagus cooperi in BNRH. Climber on termite mound in miombo woodland. Scarce.

As Asparagus cooperi in BNRH. Shrublet, fruit orange; occasional in mopane woodland on gravelly clay soils at base of hill.

As Asparagus cooperi in BNRH. Heavily overgrazed shrublet on Acacia flats.

As Asparagus cooperi in BNRH. Low (due to grazing) multistemmed shrublet ca. 400 mm high and 1.5 m across; in degraded dry deciduous mixed woodland.

As Asparagus multiflorus in BNRH. Locally common very As Asparagus multiflorus in BNRH. Large tangled bushes, self-tangling or climbing on other shrubs, to 2 m high and 4 m across, confined to the margins of salt flats. Fruit blue-green. -x000D- DNA material sent to Maria Norup, Copenhagen University, 2007.-x000D- Spirit materia

As Asparagus multiflorus in BNRH. Many-stemmed shrub to 1.8 m tall, free-standing or scrambling in thicket on estuarine flats.-x000D- DNA material sent to Catherine Wiegand, Kansas University, 2005.-x000D- DNA material given to Maria Norup, Copenhagen University, October 2006.-x000D- Spirit material:

As Asparagus multiflorus in BNRH. Extremely robust scrambler to 10 m high, smothering trees and shrubs in Acacia/Diospyros/Adansonia woodland on saline flats; locally common. Ripe fruit orange.

As Asparagus shirensis in BNRH. Erect multi-stemmed free-standing shrub to 1.2m tall, in mixed miombo woodland.

As Asparagus shirensis in BNRH.Rounded tangles shrub to 1 m high, in seasonally wet/waterlogged wooded grassland. Local. -x000D- -x000D- Same population as Burrows & Burrows 9974, collected 8/3/2007. , Occurrence: occasional

Climber, bloom on new purple stems; tubers in-line. Occasional. Growing in tree clumps on sands in wooded coastal grassland. Plant in cultivated collection., Occurrence: occasional

Scrambling / climbing shrub in low mixed thicket on deep coastal sands.

Climber, deciduous, on rocky gneiss outcrop in miombo woodland.-x000D- DNA material sent to Catherine Wiegand, Kansas University, 2005.

Lanky shrub to 0.7 m tall, in old chopped forest edge in montane grassland/scrub/forest mosaic on rocky mountain hillside in mist belt. One specimen on summit in felled pine plantation (2074 m); also lanky but both with ribbed stems.-x000D- , Occurrence: s

Multi-stemmed shrub to 1 m tall; occasional in rocky montane grassland.

Sparse erect shrublet 60 cm high, in sparse grasses on margin of termite-mound bush-clump, in open Acacia woodland.

Climber to 2 m in coastal thicket dominated by Terminalia sambesiaca, on sands. Stem and spines purplish., Occurrence: occasional

Small climber to ca. 1 m high, not as large as A. buchananii, both branches and cladodes droop., Occurrence: occasional

Partly climbing shrub forming dense clumps in shade of trees or bush clumps in coastal vegetation on littoral sands.

Scrambling shrub to 1m tall, on old termitaria in miombo woodland on sublittoral sands.

Scrambling shrub to 1m tall, on old termitaria in miombo woodland on sublittoral sands.-x000D- DNA material given to Maria Norup, Copenhagen University, October 2006.

Straggly shrub to 1m tall, in mixed deciduous woodland on sandy soils.-x000D- Spirit material.

Shrublet in woodland, erect to 1 m tall.

Scrambling shrub to 1.5 m high, in coastal thicket/bush on sandy soils.

Climber to 2.5 m high, on termite mound in miombo woodland.

Climber to 2.5 m tall; on rocky conglomerate sandstone ridge in mixed Brachystegia torrei/Androstachys woodland.

Erect shrub to 1 m with arching or trailing branches; flowers profuse, white, sweetly-scented; in miombo woodland.

Scrambling shrub to 1 m tall; occasional on sandy-clay soils in Brachystegia spiciformis, B. utilis, B. boehmii miombo woodland.

Weakly scrambling shrub to 1 m tall, in miombo woodland.

Shrub with stems to 2 m long, erect, then arching, stems yellowish; in miombo woodland on clay-loam soils, in 'graveyard forest'. Occasional.

Erect shrublet to 1.2 m tall, growing among granite rocks in miombo woodland; occasional.

Growing on lower slopes of large termitarium dominated by Diospyros mespiliformis and other large trees, in shade. Surrounding area disturbed by gravel pit. Occasional.-x000D- DNA material sent to Maria Norup, Copenhagen University, 2007.-x000D- Spirit material:

Climber in evergreen forest patch.

Slender climber / twiner in dry coastal forest. Scarce. Branches horizontal.-x000D- DNA material given to Maria Norup, Copenhagen University, October 2006.-x000D- PRE: det. as A. plumosus.

In small forest patch on sands.

Slender scrambler in evergreen coastal forest.

Climber in degraded grassland on red loams.

Slender climber to 1.5 m in high-altitude forest.

Slender climber in understorey of mid-altitude forest.

Scrambler in understorey of montane mist forest, on E-aspect mountain slopes. Very robust, branches & branchlets horizontal, scrambling to 2-3 m. Spines on lower stem large for typical A. setaceus., Occurrence: occasional

Small scrambler to 1.5 m high in undergrowth of lowland evergreen forest on sands, locally frequent., Occurrence: locally common

Delicate lacy shrublet to 500 mm tall, somewhat scrambling; occasional in understorey of ravine forest, and on ecotone of forest and Brachystegia spiciformis woodland, on E-aspect mountain slopes. Whole plant distinctly glaucous.

In shade of montane forest margins; fruit black, flowers creamy.

Delicate shrublet to 750 mm high in shade of tall mixed miombo escarpment woodland, N-aspect, on sandy soils.

Erect shrublet to 80 cm tall, flowers white, very sweetly-scented; in bushclump in termitaria in deciduous woodland on sands ('sand forest').

Soft shrublet under bush clump in coastal grassland on sands.

Erect shrublet to 0.5 m tall, in low Acacia scrub/woodland on clay flats. Occasional., Occurrence: occasional

Herb to 1 m tall. Flowers yellow.

Tufted fern in shade of tall lowland forest, growing at base of large tree on forest floor; scarce.

Tufted fern among boulders in deep shade on floor of mid-altitude forest.

Fern on deeply shaded forest floor in degraded forest.

Fern among mossy rocks in high-altitude forest near stream.

Tufted fern with arching fronds; on mossy rocks next to mountain stream in ravine forest; occasional.

Floating aquatic in quiet back water on main river.

Small tree to 5 m tall, bark very rough & corky, all parts pale grey, fruit with conspicuous horizontal creases; spines absent or few on sucker growth, simple or weakly bifurcate; in low mixed miombo/Uapaca woodland; occasional.

Small tree to 3 m tall, flowers yellow; scarce in degraded forest/woodland mosaic, now in maize field, on sandy soils.

Chopped tree in coastal woodland/degraded forest mosaic.

Ground fern with tufted fronds; scarce, on very wet peaty floor of swamp forest, dominated by Anthocleista grandiflora, Voacanga thouarsii, Antidesma vogeliana, Xylopia aethiopica and the fern Stenochlaena tenuifolia.-x000D- -x000D- Keys best to B. natalensis bu

Dambo in mixed, high rainfall woodland. Plants ñ 30 cm high. Flowers purple.

Tall tree to 18 m or more, in miombo woodland, locally frequent, on sandy soils over gneiss. Leaflets glaucous green.

Tree to 10 m tall with rounded or spreading crown, bark rough, grey; open coastal woodland dominated by Parinari curatellifolia, Strychnos spp. and Hyphaene compressa, on sandy soils.-x000D- -x000D- TOPOTYPE.

Medium to large deciduous tree to 15 m tall, a major component of miombo woodland, bark rough dark brown, vertically fissured.

Small tree with somewhat spreading crown and rough dark grey bark; locally frequent in seasonally wet grassland in low-lying drainage zone in miombo woodland; trees more stunted than when growing in well-drained areas.

Tall tree to 20 m, with somewhat spreading crown, bark dark grey, rough, vertically fissured

Medium to large deciduous tree to 15 m tall, a major component of miombo woodland, bark rough dark brown, vertically fissured.

Small tree with somewhat spreading crown and rough dark grey bark; locally frequent in seasonally wet grassland in low-lying drainage zone in miombo woodland; trees more stunted than when growing in well-drained areas.

Tall tree to 20 m, with somewhat spreading crown, bark dark grey, rough, vertically fissured; scattered in wooded grassland.

Large deciduous tree to 20 m tall, component of miombo woodland in hilly areas, locally frequent, bark smoothish grey, flaking in old specimens.

Tall tree to 20 m+, forming colonies on granite soils, leaves greyish, locally frequent.

Deciduous tree to 12 m tall, leaves grey-ish; on rocky hill, geology gneiss, confined to hilly areas.

Spreading tree ± 25-30 m tall, bark smooth grey, flaking with age

As Brachystegia glaucescens in BNRH. Spreading tree ± 25-30 m tall, bark smooth grey, flaking with age; growing on summits of rocky granite koppies, rather localized.

As Brachystegia microphylla in BNRH. Tree to 10 m tall, with wide-spreading crown and rather drooping branches, bark smoothish, grey, flaking in thick plates in older trees; locally frequent in dense deciduous woodland/forest in hilly area.

As Brachystegia microphylla in BNRH. Tree to 8 m tall in miombo woodland.

As Brachystegia microphylla in BNRH. Elegant flat-crowned tree 15-20 m tall, forming pure stands on sandy soils, rather open below the canopy. bark grey, smooth, flaking in older specimens.

As Brachystegia microphylla in BNRH. Deciduous tree to 10 m tall, with wide-spreading crown; bark grey, smoothish, flaking; the dominant tree on rocky hillsides on quartzites of the Frontier System.

Tree 12-14 m high, bark dark grey, rough, longitudinally-fissured; in open coastal woodland on sands.

Tree to ca. 10 m high, in open coastal woodland.

Tree to 10 m tall, leaflets somewhat glossy above; in wooded grassland; infrequent.

Large tree to 15 m tall, with a spreading crown, bark rough grey; in coastal woodland on sandy loam soils; occasional.

Medium tree to 9 m tall, spreading crown, leaves bluish-green; in miombo woodland on sandy soils; occasional.

Tree to 8 m tall in miombo woodland, leaves bluish-green.

Rather spreading tree to 8 m high, bark roughish, grey, leaves glaucous green, particularly below; locally frequent in open mixed woodland at base of escarpment.

Small trees 2-5 m tall (mature specimens all chopped out?), leaves blue-green, bark smoothish pale grey; locally frequent in open woodland on red soils on rocky west-aspect slopes between lake shore and base of the western escarpment.

Tree to 10 m tall, with wide-spreading crown and rather drooping branches, bark smoothish, grey, flaking in thick plates in older trees

Tree to 8 m tall

Elegant flat-crowned tree 15-20 m tall, bark grey, smooth, flaking in older specimens.

Deciduous tree to 10 m tall, with wide-spreading crown; bark grey, smoothish, flaking

Small tree 6-8 m tall; very dark bark and dense crown of leaves (Dalbergia-like); amongst Julbernardia globiflora, J. paniculata and Brachystegia boehmii. Locally frequent

Large spreading tree

Tree to 20 m tall

Deciduous tree 8-12 m tall

Tree to 20 m tall, growing in open mixed woodland.

Deciduous tree 8-12 m tall, co-dominant with Brachystegia boehmii in miombo woodland along base of mountains, on reddish sands over granites.

Rather erect, small tree in mixed Brachystegia woodland on sands. Bark; very rough, brown-grey. Flowers, just over.

Evergreen tree to 6 m tall with rounded crown; bark brown, roughly fissured into small blocks; in degraded coastal forest/woodland mosaic on sandy soils, in secondary scrub. Occasional to frequent.

Small tree to 5 m tall; in somewhat degraded/disturbed Berlinia/Parinari woodland and thicket mosaic on sandy soils.

Shrub to 1.8 m high, constituent of thicket on sands. Occasional.

Shrub in thicket on sands, scattered., Occurrence: occasional

Straggly shrub to 4m tall, in dune forest.

Shrub in understorey of evergreen coastal forest.

Small shrub to 1 m tall; in light shade of Brachystegia torrei-Androstachys forest.

Large tree to 20m tall on alluvial soils next to seasonal stream. Single specimen seen.

Regrowth from felled tree along edge of stream, in mixed miombo woodland. Scarce., Occurrence: scarce

Evergreen tree to 12 m tall, a final remnant of riverine forest, surrounds now cleared and cultivated. Fls cream., Occurrence: rare

Tree 8-10 m tall (deciduous?), in forest clump in coastal sands. In bud. Only one specimen seen., Occurrence: rare

Climber in degraded woodland-forest mosaic, on sands.

Climber / vine in tall grasses in degraded mid-altitude forest / woodland. Flowers mauve.

Spiny small tree to 5 m high, in coastal thicket on sands, occasional., Occurrence: occasional

Spiky shrub to 2 m tall. In mixed deciduous coastal woodland on sandy soils. Dominant woody species: Strychnos madagascariensis, Phellocalyx vollesenii, Olax dissitiflora, Pteleopsis myrtifolia, Xylotheca tettensis, Micklethwaitia carvalhoi, Diospyro

Spiny rather spreading deciduous shrub to 2.5 m high, on rocky granite koppie in mixed deciduous woodland.

Spiny shrub to 3 m tall in woodland.

Small straggly tree to 4 m tall; sterile; bark grey, thinly flaking in longitudinal strips, stem fluted; growing in light shade of tall woodland-forest mosaic dominated by Millettia stuhlmannii, Sterculia quinqueloba, S. appendiculata, Kirkia acumina

Shrub or treelet to 2 m tall; fls white with a sweet, spicy scent. Growing in mixed mopane woodland in light shade., Occurrence: locally frequent

Small treelet in light shade of bushclump in dry coastal woodland. Occasional. Fls white, pendulous., Occurrence: occasional

Slender treelet to 1.5 m high, in shaded understorey of tall mixed woodland on sands, dominated by Millettia stuhlmannii, Berlinia orientalis and Sterculia spp. Flowers pale-yellowish.

Erect slender treelet 1.5 m tall; fruits yellow; in understorey of sand forest; occasional.

Tree 6 m tall; in evergreen montane forest.

Leaves, very glossy.

Evergreen small tree to 4 m high, in open mixed deciduous woodland on rift valley floor on clay-sands. Occasional. Fls small, greenish., Occurrence: occasional

Small evergreen tree to 4 m tall, in closed woodland-evergreen forest mosaic, on sandy soils. Fls small, greenish. , Occurrence: scarce

Evergreen shrub or small tree 3-4 m tall, in mixed coastal thicket on sandy soils. Leaves glossy dark green, fruit yellowish.

Evergreen much-branched tree 9-10 m high, on edge of evergreen bush clump/forest patch, in area of Parinari plateau woodland on sandy soils.

Tree to 7 m tall; in woodland/sand forest mosaic; scarce, sterile.

Deciduous tree to 10 m tall, flowers bright yellow, spectacular; on forest margins in forest/woodland mosaic on sandy soils. Occasional, three specimens seen.

Deciduous tree to 4 m tall, pods 0.5 m long; growing on termite mound in degraded miombo woodland.

Evergreen tree to 7 m tall, in lowland evergreen forest on sands. Occasional., Occurrence: occasional

Evergreen tree 8-10 m tall; locally scattered in and on margins of evergreen montane forest; some leaves in 3's.

Small tree in understory of sand forest.

Tree to 5 m tall in high-altitude forest.

Evergreen understorey tree to 5 m tall, in tall evergreen or semi-deciduous forest on sands, growing with Cola mossambicensis and Streblus usambarensis., Occurrence: occasional

Small tree to 2.5 m growing in miombo woodland at edge of ruwari (granite sheetrock) in sandy soils. Stipules burgundy., Occurrence: occasional

Erect small tree to 4 m tall (?deciduous), bark dark grey, very rough; occasional on steep hillside on gravelly soils in hilly area, in seasonally dry & hot mixed deciduous woodland.

String-like parasite in trees in dune scrub-forest.

Large (2.5 m tall), multi-stemmed shrub. In full sun, gravelly soils; in mixed open woodland.

Multi-stemmed shrub to 3.5 m tall with blue-green leaves, growing in mixed deciduous woodland on sandy soils.

Dense spiky shrub to 5 m tall; in degraded mixed deciduous woodland.

Spiny hard shrub to 1.5m tall, in mixed short thicket on deep sands. Flowers white.

Shrub to 2m tall in coastal woodland/thicket mosaic. No spines except a few on stem. No scent to flowers. Flowers white.

Large tree to 15 m tall, constituent of gallery forest (remnant), growing along steam margin. Rare.

Evergreen tree to 15 m tall with spreading to rounded crown, occasional in evergreen lowland forest on rolling hills.

Submerged aquatic in Ficus trichopoda swamp forest, with Pistia stratiotes

In backwater of main river, submerged aquatic, growing with Pistia, Salvinia, Azolla spp. and Eichornia crassipes.

Locally frequent herb in margins of pools and channels in rice paddies.-x000D- -x000D- PRE: Ceratopteris thalictroides

Soft under-shrub to 1 m high in tall sand forest dominated by Balanites and Pterocarpus lucens.

Shrub to 2m tall, in closed Brachystegia woodland on sands.

Shrub to 1m tall, in Brachystegia torrei sand forest.

Understorey shrub to 1.5m, in dry mixed forest on sand.

Soft shrub to 1.5 m high, in light shade in forest patch in dry coastal woodland. Flowers yellow. , Occurrence: scattered

Soft shrub to 1.5 m tall, in mixed decidous woodland/forest mosaic, in bushclumps. Fls yellow., Occurrence: scattered

Shrub to 1 m tall in miombo woodland.

Soft shrub to 1.5 m high in shade of bushclumps. Fls yellow. In mixed deciduous coastal woodland on sandy soils. Dominant woody species: Strychnos madagascariensis, Phellocalyx vollesenii, Olax dissitiflora, Pteleopsis myrtifolia, Xylotheca tettensis

Soft shrub to 1 m tall, in understorey of miombo woodland on sands. Fls yellow.

Soft shrubby plant to 1 m, flowers white; in understorey of mixed coastal thicket/forest mosaic dominated by Brachystegia spiciformis and Guibourtia schliebenii; in sandy soils on incised escarpment edge over pebbly sandstones.

Soft shrub to 1.5 m tall, fls yellow; in shade of bush clump; occasional in degraded coastal forest/woodland mosaic on sandy soils, in secondary scrub.

Soft shrublet 0.5-1 m high, flowers very small, yellow; in understorey of forest patch, in a mosaic of open coastal Brachystegia/Uapaca nitida/Parinari curatellifolia woodland and evergreen forest patches centred on termitaria; in sandy soils

Small shrub 1 m high, ripe fruit black, fleshy; in thicket and coastal woodland on sands.

Low soft shrublet 0.5-1 m high; occasional on sandy soils in understorey of deciduous sand forest dominated by Brachystegia torrei

Young evergreen sapling to 4 m tall, growing next to stream riverine forest in area of miombo woodland., Occurrence: scarce

Straggly evergreen shrub in high altitude scrub forest.

Large canopy tree 25 - 30 m tall in mid-altitude forest.

Large tree to 20 m tall in high-altitude forest. Bole fluted. Frequent., Occurrence: frequent

Huge tree to 30 m tall in riverine forest or woodland. Bark pale grey, stem fluted.

Tree to 10 m tall in riverine forest on sands. Occasional., Occurrence: occasional

Climbing to 5-6 m high, amongst rocks (gneiss) in mixed deciduous woodland. Ripe fruit red.